Solid state batteries are a type of battery technology, characterized by the following aspects:
Definition and structure:
Solid state battery is a type of battery that uses solid electrodes and solid electrolytes. Unlike the commonly used lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion polymer batteries today, solid-state batteries have no liquid present inside, but are made up of inorganic or organic polymer solids as the electrolyte of the battery.
The positive electrode of solid-state batteries is usually made of lithium metal or similar materials, while the negative electrode is generally made of lithium alloy or similar materials. When lithium ions move in a solid electrolyte, oxidation and reduction reactions occur between the positive and negative electrodes, thereby completing the transfer of charge.
working principle:
The working principle of solid-state batteries is based on the migration of lithium ions in solid electrolytes. When lithium ions move from the solid electrolyte to the positive electrode, the positive electrode material undergoes an oxidation reaction, releasing electrons; When lithium ions move from the solid electrolyte to the negative electrode, the negative electrode material undergoes a reduction reaction and receives electrons.
advantage:
Good safety: Solid electrolyte is not prone to leakage, is not flammable or explosive, overcomes lithium dendrite phenomenon, and improves the safety of the battery.
High energy density: Solid state battery technology uses glass compounds made of lithium and sodium as conductive materials, replacing the electrolyte of previous lithium batteries, greatly improving the energy density of lithium batteries.
Strong cycling performance: Solid state batteries have good cycling performance, which can meet the needs of long-term use and high-frequency charging and discharging.
Disadvantages:
High impedance: Compared to traditional liquid lithium batteries, solid-state batteries have a higher impedance, which may affect the discharge performance and efficiency of the battery.
High cost: Due to the high production process and material costs of solid-state batteries, their current market prices are relatively high.
Development trend:
With the advancement of technology and the optimization of processes, the impedance and cost issues of solid-state batteries are expected to be solved.
It is expected that by 2025, the market space for solid-state batteries in China is expected to reach 3 billion yuan; By 2030, the market size is expected to reach 20 billion yuan.
Solid state batteries are seen as the next generation battery technology that can inherit the status of lithium-ion batteries, and their application prospects in fields such as electric vehicles are broad.
Solid state batteries are a new type of battery technology with unique structures and advantages, which are superior to traditional liquid lithium batteries in terms of safety and energy density. With the continuous progress of technology and the expansion of the market, solid-state batteries are expected to become one of the mainstream technologies in the battery field in the future.